Module 6: Hazard Awareness

A hazard is anything that forces you to change speed, direction, or stop. There are two main types:

• Static hazards: Roadworks, parked cars, junctions, bends, slow-moving traffic.
• Developing hazards: Hazards that are actively changing and may require a response—such as a pedestrian stepping onto the road or a vehicle emerging from a junction.

Identifying hazards early helps you prepare and avoid sudden braking.

Good hazard awareness starts with effective observation. You should:

• Look well ahead and constantly scan the road
• Use mirrors regularly to maintain a full view of your surroundings
• Check side roads, pedestrians, and parked vehicles for signs of movement
• Adjust speed when approaching potential danger zones

Avoid focusing on one area for too long—keep your eyes moving.

Anticipation means predicting what may happen so you can respond early. Skilled drivers:

• Notice clues such as brake lights, wheels turning, or pedestrians looking to cross
• Expect hazards near schools, shops, crossings, and junctions
• Reduce speed and cover the brake when approaching uncertainty
• Prepare for the unexpected — especially from vulnerable road users

Being proactive, not reactive, makes driving smoother and safer.

The hazard perception test checks your ability to spot developing hazards quickly. Tips include:

• Click when you first notice a hazard starting to develop
• Avoid clicking continuously — this may score zero
• Focus on areas where hazards are most likely (junctions, parked cars)
• Stay calm and scan as you would in real driving

The earlier you identify a developing hazard, the higher your score.

Some road users are at greater risk and require more attention, including:

• Pedestrians — especially children and older people
• Cyclists, motorcyclists, and scooter riders
• Horse riders who may be startled by noise
• People using mobility aids

Slow down, give extra space, and prepare for sudden or unpredictable movements.

Module 6 Quiz